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Large Language Models such as ChatGPT are designed so that all a user needs to do is type a prompt into the textbox and press enter and the machine does all the calculations and presents the response for the user. But how does it really work? Where did the machine get the information from and how does it process all the data? Although we don't really think about what goes in the background of these machines, it is essential to know how these work and how we can make the best use of them. This era of AI has just recently begun and will continue to basically expand and sooner or later will be the next big search engine that everyone will be using. When using a source to conduct research or even just asking questions, one would want to know its limitations and how to maybe overcome them or the best ways to get the most clear results possible. Essentially, it is going to be crucial to know how to use these machines and what goes in their background which we as users do not see.

Multimedia systems, back-end engineering, data compression, computer vision

How do large language models such as ChatGPT work and what prompts can we design to make them more user-friendly?

Loveleen is conducting an experiment on household antibiotics and environmental bacteria. By growing bacteria on agar plates with antibiotic ointments applied (in dilution series), we hope to find out whether antibiotic resistance develops. Additional background research includes the history of antibiotic development, resistance, and the potential for superbugs. 

environmental biology, plant ecology, disease ecology, soil microbiology

Can bacteria develop resistance to antibacterial ointments? 

Harshitha will create an educational website that analyzes different user experience and interface choices, including dark patterns and other common design tropes. This website will serve to inform people about design, whether that's to protect themselves or just become better designers.

Mental Health, User Interface, User Experience, Public Health, Business, Entrepreneurship

Design Analysis Blog

This paper reveals process and challenges different sports face to become an Olympic sport. The Olympics Committee takes in many criteria in deciding what sports get added to the Olympic Games. We will be diving into the way the Olympic Committee makes a decision about inclusion of a sport into Olympics and how it impacts the way a sport is structured today. Becoming an Olympic sport is crucial for various sports because it increases revenue opportunities such as sponsorship and media rights deals, popularity in terms of participation and viewership, and growth in the sport. One of the sports that are aiming to become an Olympic Sport is Rolling Skating which is a sport popular in many countries and featured around the world. Even though Rolling Skating has been gaining more and more public interest, the media attention it has received remained stagnant. There are several forms of Rolling Skating that could attract different people especially the youth which is one of the Olympic Committee’s criteria deciding which sports to pick. This paper will discuss how Rolling Skating must showcase and adjust its appeal to reflect its value to be a part of the Olympic Games.


consumer behavior, sustainable consumption, digital marketing, marketing research, international marketing, branding, web design, social media marketing

Roller Skating’s Journey to Become An Olympic Sport

Neural prostheses, otherwise known as brain-machine interfaces (BMIs), have recently been a hot topic of interest. These neural prostheses have demonstrated the ability to help people regain motor function in many ways. Some examples are using intended movements from the brain to control a prosthetic limb, translating brain activity into commands for those who cannot speak, and studying the brain and its deeper function. One shortcoming of neural prostheses is the foreign body response it stimulates in the brain. When the prosthetic is detected, the brain sends astrocytes, a glial cell in the central nervous system, which encapsulates the object and form a glial scar, which protects the rest of the brain from the foreign body. As a result, the prosthetic is unable to perform, which places a time limit on how long the neural prosthetic would work. Because of this, I will be exploring how neural prostheses can potentially be designed in order to avoid triggering the foreign body response for as long as possible.

biomedical engineering, neural engineering, neuroscience, cellular signaling pathways, implantable electrodes, astrocytes, neurons, implantable neurotechnology, neurodegenerative diseases, deep brain stimulation, neurolink 'like' devices, cell culture, neuroimaging

Addressing the biomaterial failure modes for brain computer interfaces

Data Science, Data Analytics, Machine Learning, Sports Analytics, Natural Language Processing, Data Visualization, Computer Science, Biotechnology

Analysis of Knicks Shooting Efficiency Over Time

Price increases have a significant impact on people's living standards by eroding the value of their money. In this research paper, I will discuss how economically middle class Turkish people lost their purchasing power as a result of inflationary monetary policies put in place after 2020. By delving into the monetary policies that were put in place between 2020-2023, this research discusses how inflation is formed. I will address how inflationary expectations are impacting real inflation. This research will focus on inflation in the energy, groceries, transportation, and clothing sectors of the economy and their impacts on the living standards of economically middle-class Turkish citizens.

Financial services, humanitarian aid, public policy

How does rising inflation after 2020 impact the living standards of economically middle class Turkish citizens?

 The goal of this review paper is to compare the chemicals involved in various teeth whitening treatments and analyze the effects of each. By looking into in vivo and in vitro studies conducted to measure both the effectiveness and harmfulness of these methods, it can be seen which methods are the most effective, most harmful, and safest as well. The ultimate goal is to promote a safer and less harmful method that creates minimal damage to teeth and gums and provide useful information for the public to make an educated decision. 


Immunology, Genetics, Single Cell RNA Seq, T cells, SAT Math, Math

Teeth whitening tools and its effects on teeth and gum health

This project will look at sanctions imposed on Russia and the impact that these sanctions will have on various sectors and economies. Specifically, this project will examine the following sectors: commodities (iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, vanadium, fertilizer, wheat, and oil/gas), and the following economies (EU, Africa, China and/or India). This project will show trends in pricing and consumption data for selected sectors and show changes in country-level output for the selected countries. To understand the impact of these sectors, we will use various regression techniques to both expose Jay to various econometric techniques and to improve the explanatory power of our analysis. These findings will be discussed in a research paper.

Economics, political economy, public opinion research, economics, government

The disproportionate economic impact of Russian sanctions on industrial sectors and regional economies

Cervical cancer is a cancer that occurs in the cells of the cervix. There are two main types of
cervical cancer, based on the primary site of the cancer, which are squamous cell carcinoma and
adenocarcinoma. Preliminary research has shown that general knowledge and understanding of
cervical cancer is poor in Zimbabwe .According to an article published by BMC Health services
on health system constraints affecting treatment and care, the health sector in Zimbabwe is facing
a lot of constraints pertaining to cases of cervical cancer in females aged 15 to 44. There is
limited or lack of training of health workers, weakness of surveillance systems for cervical
cancer, limited access to medical treatment and care, inadequate health workers, reliance of
patience on out of pocket funding for treatment services, lack of backup for major equipment. So
the purpose of this project is to investigate the causes of cervical cancer and the viable solutions
that are accessible to the general population. A subsidiary investigation will also be carried out
on the effectiveness of the medication that is currently available and in use in Zimbabwe.

Cancer Research, Brain Cancer, Novel Cancer Treatments, Immunology, Immunotherapy, Science Communication

Cervical Cancer Control

Using Google Colab and Pandas, Raghav is creating an AI model to predict basketball player attributes based on their game stats.

Case reports in medicine, computational protein design, cryo-EM image analysis, computational genomics, telemedicine, AI in medicine, biochemistry, web development, data journalism

Using player stats to predict status

The greatest challenge facing the world of theoretical physics is unifying gravity with the other three fundamental forces. Three of the four fundamental forces of physics are described within the framework of quantum mechanics and quantum field theory. The current understanding of the fourth force, gravity, is based on Einstein's general theory of relativity, which is formulated within an entirely different framework. It states that objects at the largest scales bend and warp space-time. The problem with general relativity is that it breaks down in the quantum realm. This signals the need for a new theory. A theory which describes gravity at the smallest scales. Some worked-on-theories include string theory, M-theory and loop quantum gravity. While not all of these theories try to reconcile every fundamental force, some like string theory try to unify every fundamental framework. This review paper's intention is to review important concepts in theoretical physics such as relativity, quantum mechanics, quantum field theories, and the unified field theory (UFT).

Physics, math, engineering

UFT: A Review Of Theoretical Physics

Jada will be investigating the microbial degradation of per and poly fluorinated compounds. We will cover why these compounds are in the environment, how these compounds are traditionally degraded, and biological platforms for degradation. We will look at reductive deflourination and traditional deflourination. Further, we will study both the degradation by microbial communities and by single organisms. Finally, we will analyze the pitfalls of using a microbial platform and potential ways to mitigate them.

Drug discovery, microbial interactions, environmental microbiology, genome mining, bioengineering

Microbial Degradation of Per and Poly Fluorinated compounds

Economic History, Public Policy, Public Administration

The Relationship between Caste and microfinance

The student will write about gender role and stereotypes. She wants to look into different types of genders. She also wants to look into different race and cultural backgrounds. Another one of her goals is to look into women’s right as well as how far the country has changed. The idea of religious and spirituality and individualism and collectivism comes up in the paper as well.

Psychology History, Poverty and education, Positive Psychology, Social Mobility, Health disparities, racial discrimination, wage gaps, adverse childhood experiences, child mental health, intersectionality, ADHD/ODD, social media

Gender roles and stereotypes 

This research paper delves into the key factors influencing Beyblades's movement and collision dynamics, with a primary focus on rotational quantities, within a theoretical framework. Beyblades, popular spinning top toys used in competitive battles, exhibit rotational motion during gameplay, requiring an exploration of the factors contributing to their movement and collisions. This study employs principles from physics to identify and analyze the fundamental factors affecting the rotational dynamics of Beyblades. Through theoretical analysis and mathematical modelling, variables such as spin rate, angular momentum, moment of inertia, and contact forces are examined, along with research on the physics behind Beyblade types and materials, including aerodynamics and friction. The relationship between these factors and the resulting movement and collision characteristics of Beyblades is explored.
Furthermore, the application of physics principles, such as the conservation of angular momentum and the laws of motion, is utilized to develop mathematical models that represent the rotational dynamics of Beyblades. The research also takes into account previous studies and research conducted on different Beyblade types to refine the theoretical framework. The findings provide valuable insights into optimizing Beyblade performance, designing strategic approaches for battles, and expanding the theoretical understanding of rotational dynamics in spinning top toys. 

Keywords: Beyblades, movement dynamics, collision dynamics, rotational motion, spin rate, angular momentum, moment of inertia, contact forces, theoretical analysis, mathematical modeling, Beyblade types, Beyblade materials, friction.

Physics, Physics Education Research, Science of Learning

What are the key factors influencing the movement and collision dynamics of Beyblades, and how can they be analyzed and modeled within the framework of physics?

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening genetic disorder characterized by the production of thick, sticky mucus that obstructs the lungs and pancreatic ducts, leading to severe respiratory and digestive complications. Progress in CF therapies has focused on innovative approaches such as mRNA-based therapies, gene therapy, and gene modification with CRISPR-Cas9. mRNA-based therapies have been promising, as these CF treatments use mRNA to restore the function of the defective cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Modified mRNA is delivered into cells to produce functional CFTR protein, improving chloride ion transport and reducing mucus viscosity. Gene therapy is another strategy for CF treatment, involving the delivery of CFTR genes to correct the genetic mutation responsible for CF. The primary method utilizes delivering adenovirus to deliver the therapeutic gene into target cells.  The emergence of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing has revolutionized CF therapy by enabling modifications to the CFTR gene, addressing specific CF-causing mutations. Utilizing CRISPR-Cas9, researchers want to correct mutations, restore CFTR protein function, and potentially provide a permanent cure for CF. Significant progress has been made in developing therapies for CF, including mRNA-based therapies, gene therapy, and gene modification with CRISPR-Cas9. These approaches offer potential benefits in alleviating symptoms, enhancing lung function, and even providing a cure for CF, and to properly understand the alleviations plausible, we must consolidate research from research papers and clinical trials - reviewing efficacies of different treatments to determine the potential usefulness of different treatments.

Molecular Biology, Genetics, Genomic Instability, Biochemistry

Comprehensive efficacies of mRNA, CRISPR-Cas9, and gene therapy as Cystic Fibrosis treatments

Transgenerational transmission of trauma is a fascinating concept that involves the transmission of trauma through subsequent generations. Although initially discovered in 1966 by Canadian psychiatrist Vivian M. Rakoff, MD when he noticed the high rates of psychological distress in the children of holocaust survivors, there have been numerous articles and studies to explain this phenomenon. There have also been numerous attempts to reach a decisive conclusion and explain how such a phenomenon is possible. The same signs of distress were noticeable in the children of victims of the Dutch Famine, the collapse of the twin trade towers and other traumatic incidents. These studies all suggest that the offspring of the people that experienced such trauma were more likely to develop mental health disorders. More specifically, epigenetics is the field that allows us to further understand transmission of trauma. Epigenetics is the field that deals with modification of genomes. These modifications may be through DNA methylation or Histone Modification. DNA methylation involves the addition of a methyl base. This methylation usually occurs on CpG dinucleotides. Histone modification can be through the epigenetic modification on H3 and H4. This coating becomes a sort of memory on the cell. Ultimately all the cells carry this memory. This explains how trauma can be passed down from one generation to another without the next generation having to experience traumatic events.  


Cancer Biology and Genetics

Epigenetics as a Determining Factor for Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma

We define *slang* as informal language in that the understanding is only available to a particular set of individuals. This study analyzes the lasting impact slang has had on marginalized communities throughout history by examining the emergence and general context of the colloquial words and phrases in the United Kingdom. To accomplish this objective, we examined persecution of specific groups of people and the verbage through arose simultaneously. We compared these words to current slang to see if it is still around or if it has developed. These results will show the importance language can have on the survival of oppressed communities.

Python, Natural Language Processing, Ancient Greek, Digital Humanities, Classics

Influence of Slang on the Survival of Marginalized Communities

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that affects more than 200,000 people a year in the United States. The disorder has become more prevalent in today’s youth, the numbers spiking from 1 in 150 children in 2000 to 1 in 44 children in 2022. It impairs how people interact with others, communicate, learn, develop, and behave. Known as a spectrum, it manifests in varying severities and combinations of symptoms. Within the last 50 years, more research has emerged in the field. During this time, researchers have found with growing technology that changes in the cerebellum are likely to predispose children to developing ASD. The cerebellum is generally known to maintain motor coordination. However, it is recognized now to have a greater role in cognition and emotional functions in the developing mind. Disruption to this major section of the brain and lesions during development have been shown to cause ASD symptoms, or non-motor impairments. In this review paper, disruption to the cerebellum is explored further by including published assessments and will holistically review how the cerebellar disruption could influence the non-motor impairments of Autism Spectrum Disorder.

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