Iclal Erkaymaz

The effects of Clostridiaceae bacteria familia on Multiple Sclerosis

Started May 12, 2023

Abstract or project description

Multiple Sclerosis is an autoimmune neurological disorder caused by the abnormal activities of lymphocytes, which are white blood cells found in our immune system. Lymphocytes that cross the BBB (blood-brain barrier) can degrade myelin, an important covering of nerve fibers, and thereby impair electrochemical signaling between neurons. 

Given the unknown etiology of MS, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current research on two types of bacteria, Clostridium perfringens & Clostridium botulinum, which have been previously known to play a role in the causes and treatment of MS. C. perfringens is a known gut microbiome bacteria which produces the epsilon toxin (ETX), a biologically plausible environmental agent that triggers MS. Therefore, the ETX-producing C. perfringens bacteria may be a potential cause of MS. On the other hand, Botulinum Toxin (Botox), which is produced by C. Botulinum, has recently been tested as a treatment for spasticity associated with MS.

Considering these facts, it is clear that the Clostridiaceae familia has a distinct effect on MS by being a trigger and a treatment.